Задание 10 из ЕГЭ по английскому языку: задача 15

2. The newest studies

3. Green activism

4. Looking for new resources

5. More jobs in the future

6. What botany is

7. Useful in so many ways

8. Finding a suitable career

A. Plants are chemical factories. Many of the chemicals that they produce are useful to humans. Besides food, plants provide raw materials for paper, building materials, solvents and adhesives, fabrics, medicines, and many other products. Botanists study the chemicals produced by different plants to find new uses for them. For example, we use some plant chemicals to treat certain types of cancer.

B. As humans change the environment for their own purposes, plants and animals living in these areas become endangered. Plant taxonomists and plant ecologists work to identify and understand new plant species, especially in such biologically rich areas as tropical rain forests. Plants of the rain forests are important in their own right, but they could be new sources for people as well. Perhaps a plant that is not discovered yet will become an important food crop.

C. The major employers of plant biologists are educational institutions, federal and state agencies, and industries. Job opportunities usually depend on educational training and experience. New positions in botany are expected to increase in the near future. Growing world population continues to increase the need for better food supplies. Environmental concerns, such as air, water and soil pollution, will create openings for ecologists in government and industry.

D. One of the best things about plant science is the number of different specialties and career opportunities from which you can choose. This variety allows people with different backgrounds, ta- lents, and interests to find satisfying careers in plant biology. More than many other scientific fields, botany continues to provide opportunities for women as well as men. There are few things more fulfilling than to work in a job that is both fun and a benefit to others.

E. To get yourself ready for a career in botany, you should take a college curriculum that includes English, foreign language, mathematics, chemistry, physics, and biology. Other valuable experiences include taking part in science fairs and science clubs. It also helps to have summer jobs related to biology, such as working in parks, farms, experiment stations, laboratories, camps, or for florists or landscape architects.

F. One of the most exciting fields in botany today is biotechnology. Because of very recent advances in genetics, plant scientists have tools to add genes from one plant to another. The potential usefulness of this is amazing. For example, several amino acids required in the human diet are not produced very well by plants. It may be possible to make food crops more nutritious by adding genes to produce these amino acids.

G. Botany, also known as plant biology, is the study of plants. It is a scientific discipline based on observation, experimentation, recording, classification, and the testing of hypotheses. This process is called the scientific method. There are many sub-disciplines of botany, such as plant taxonomy, genetics, plant ecology, economic botany, and plant anatomy. Botanists work all over the world both indoors and outdoors in many different jobs.