Задание 10 из ЕГЭ по английскому языку: задача 45

Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Запишите свои ответы. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1. Using Less and Reusing More
2. Destruction of Paper Money
3. One of Guinness World Records
4. Money design
5. Fairly rough estimations
6. Environmental Effects of Paper Waste
7. Quality Control
8. Historical facts

1. Flawed money is bad money and cannot be placed into circulation. In addition to the many inspections that occur during the printing process, the raw materials are also subject to strict inspections before they are used. The inks are tested for color and thickness. The paper is produced by a single manufacturer in a tightly controlled process. The paper is tested for chemical composition. The finished bills are also tested periodically for durability.


2. Despite the use of high-quality paper and inks, the average life of a $1 bill in circulation is only about 18 months. Other denominations last somewhat longer. When a bill has been defaced, torn, or worn, it is taken out of circulation and returned to the federal reserve banks for destruction by shredding. Some of this shredded money is recycled to make roofing shingles or insulation.


3. The portrait on the face of each bill varies by the denomination. George Washington appears on the $1 bill, Abraham Lincoln on the $5, up to Benjamin Franklin on the $100 bill. These persons were selected because of their importance in history and the fact that their images are generally well known to the public. By law, no portrait of a living person may appear on paper money.


4. The existence of money as a means of buying or selling goods and services dates back to at least 3000 B.C. , when the Sumerians began using metal coins in place of bartering with barley. The use of paper money began in China during the seventh century. In 1658 Swedish financier Johann Palmstruck introduced a paper bank note for the Swedish State Bank, that paper money entered circulation.


5. Most paper is made from pine trees. Most are about 1 foot in diameter and 60 feet tall. Ignoring taper, that's about 81,430 cubic inches of wood. That means a pine tree weighs roughly 1,610 pounds. In manufacturing paper, the wood is turned into pulp. About half of the tree is knots, lignin and other stuff that is no good for paper. So that means a pine tree yields about 805 pounds of paper. So, using these measurements, a tree would produce 80,500 sheets of paper.


6. The largest sheet of handmade washi paper measures 13.9 m x 6.9 m and was made for an event organised by Masaki Takahashi, the mayor of Takaoka City at Takaoka Municipal Festival Hall, Takaoka, Toyama, Japan, on 19 August 2009. Washi is a type of paper made in Japan. It is commonly made using fibers from the bark of the gampi tree, the mitsumata shrub, or the paper mulberry but also can be made using bamboo, hemp, rice, and wheat.


7. Deforestation is the primary effect of our mindless use of paper. Conservation groups have made an admirable headway in protecting ecologically rich forests and limiting commercial access. This is great progress for mankind! Just imagine how long a tree will grow to its full size… . We are only just realizing the wasted use of our trees - trees that give off oxygen and protect the planet from further Global Warming.